<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
     xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
     xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
     xmlns:admin="http://webns.net/mvcb/"
     xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
     xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
     xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/">
<channel>
    <title>Bali Padma Bhuwana &amp; alvonjr</title>
    <link>https://budayabali.com/rss/author/alvonjr</link>
    <description>Bali Padma Bhuwana &amp; alvonjr</description>
    <dc:language>en</dc:language>
    <dc:creator></dc:creator>
    <dc:rights>Copyright @2023 budayabali.com &amp; All Rights Reserved.</dc:rights>
    <item>
        <title>Mpu Kuturan, Architect of Bali’s Identity: From Samuan Tiga to the Emergence of Meru and Temple Layout</title>
        <link>https://budayabali.com/mpu-kuturan-2327</link>
        <guid>https://budayabali.com/mpu-kuturan-2327</guid>
        <description><![CDATA[ Mpu Kuturan was a key figure in shaping Bali’s social, religious, and architectural systems that continue to endure today. Based on the Lontar Mpu Kuturan, ancient Balinese inscriptions, and academic studies such as those from Udayana University, he played a central role in unifying various religious sects through a grand assembly at Pura Samuan Tiga, leading to the formulation of the Siwa-Buddha synthesis and the Trimurti concept. He also established the **Kahyangan Tiga** system, which became the foundational temple structure in every traditional village. In architecture, Mpu Kuturan is recognized as a pioneer in organizing Balinese temple layouts, including introducing and formalizing the meru shrine as a cosmological symbol of Mount Mahameru. Architectural research indicates that the meru concept and spatial principles such as Tri Mandala reflect an integration of spirituality and spatial organization. Thus, Mpu Kuturan’s legacy is not merely historical, but remains a living foundation of Balinese society today. ]]></description>
        <enclosure url="http://budayabali.com/uploads/images/202409/image_870x580_66e7d820cb556.jpg" length="117056" type="image/jpeg"/>
        <pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2026 05:18:55 +0800</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>alvonjr</dc:creator>
        <media:keywords></media:keywords>
    </item>
    </channel>
</rss>