Kulkul Bedil: The Sacred Symphony Behind the Ceremonial Traditions of Puri Peliatan Ubud

Puri Peliatan is one of the historical and influential palaces in Ubud, Bali. Established in the 17th century, this palace was the ruling kingdom during the era of the Dalem Sukawati dynasty. Moreover, Puri Peliatan plays a significant role in preserving the customs and traditions of the local community. Its distinctive Balinese architecture has been well-preserved to this day, and its various bale and courtyards continue to be used for religious and traditional ceremonies.

Puri Peliatan Ubud (Source: Personal Collection)

One of the elements that make Puri Peliatan unique is the presence of Kulkul Bedil, a traditional communication tool located atop a large banyan tree at the palace's center. This kulkul not only plays a crucial role in every traditional ceremony but also holds historical significance closely tied to the founding of the palace. The Kulkul Bedil is installed on the towering banyan tree at the heart of the palace, precisely in the Catus Pata area, or the central point of the village. This kulkul carries deep historical value as it has been present since the establishment of Puri Peliatan in the 17th century and is exclusively used during significant ceremonies held within the palace.

Banyan Tree at Catus Pata (Source: Personal Collection)

More than just a means of communication, the kulkul bedil is sounded to mark the beginning of various sacred ceremonies (yadnya), whether dedicated to humans (manusa yadnya), the gods (dewa yadnya), or ancestors (pitra yadnya). The distinctive sound produced by this kulkul is believed to evoke a profound sense of sanctity, enhancing the solemnity of every ritual held at Puri Peliatan. Beyond serving as a signal for the commencement of an event, the kulkul bedil is continuously sounded throughout the yadnya ceremonies until their conclusion.

 Kulkul Bedil (Source: Personal Collection)

Interestingly, the tradition of sounding the Kulkul Bedil has been passed down through generations to two families specifically chosen since ancient times. These families have carried out their duties without interruption, with each generation continuing the role inherited from their ancestors. This task, considered sacred, is regarded as a great honor, and as a token of appreciation, the puri granted them carik, a plot of land they could manage as a source of livelihood. The close relationship between the puri and the kulkul players' families endures to this day, even though in many other puri across Bali, this tradition has begun to fade.